What is the difference between informal and formal interviews?

• A. Informal interviews are more structured and formal interviews are less structured.
• B. Informal interviews rely on written protocols.
• C. Informal interviews are less structured and can include observational questions, while formal interviews are structured and may involve specific protocols.
• D. There is no difference; they're the same.

Answer: (C)

The main idea being tested is how structure and the use of procedures distinguish informal from formal interviews. In informal interviews, the conversation flows more naturally and is guided less by a fixed plan; you can adapt questions on the fly and pay attention to what you observe, including nonverbal cues and the surroundings. This approach allows for flexibility and the inclusion of observational questions or notes as the interview unfolds.

In contrast, formal interviews follow a planned, structured format. They use a specific set of questions and may operate under defined protocols or guidelines to ensure consistency, thoroughness, and proper documentation. This structure helps ensure that all required topics are covered and that the information gathered is comparable across interviews.

Context for corrections practice: informal interviews can be useful for building rapport and gathering background information in a flexible way, while formal interviews are important when you need standardized procedures, official protocols, and reliable records.

Because of this, the best description is that informal interviews are less structured and can include observational questions, whereas formal interviews are structured and may involve specific protocols.

Other statements miss the mark because they reverse the relationship, suggest informal relies on written protocols, or claim there’s no difference.